Explain the function of a suction line in a piping system.

The function of a suction line in a piping system is primarily to transport fluid into pumps or compressors. This is critical because pumps and compressors rely on fluid being drawn into them to create flow or pressure within the system. The suction line connects the source of the fluid—such as a tank or reservoir—to the intake side of the pump, ensuring that the pump can maintain a continuous supply of liquid for effective operation.

In practical terms, a well-designed suction line helps minimize the potential for cavitation, which occurs when vapor bubbles form in the fluid due to low pressure and can lead to damage to the pump. Proper sizing and routing of the suction line are necessary to maintain adequate flow and pressure, thereby enhancing the overall efficiency and longevity of the pumping system.

While other functions mentioned, such as recycling fluid within the system or draining excess fluid, are important aspects of fluid management in piping systems, they do not pertain to the primary role of a suction line.